Syrian
economy, developing economy multi-resource consists of gross
domestic product (896.6) billion for. S. year / 2000 / or
approximately (17.9) billion dollars from agriculture by (25%) and
industry and mining (30%). The rest of the sectors of construction,
trade, transport, finance, insurance and services constitute (45%),
where is the oil and gas sector of the most important sectors of the
extractive industries with a volume of oil production to around
(31.6) million m 3, is the classification of national income for the
Syrian economy ranked (63) between The nations of the world, and
ranked tenth (23) Arab country, its population is aged about (17)
million young people that are among the age group (15-49) in nearly
(50%) of the total population growing by ( 2.7%) a year.
Syrian economy and a pluralistic economy where the private sector
working together and with the same facilities and privileges with
the public sector, who oversees the strategic industries and major
service sectors.
The Syrian economy is gradual steps toward a market economy
mechanisms suited to the circumstances and the needs of economic
development.
Oil is currently (68%) of the total Syrian exports, with the trade
balance of the year / 2000 / surplus value (28.6) billion Syrian
pounds, which consists of raw materials from oil, raw cotton and
phosphate approximately (81.6%) of total exports, while Materials
and semi-manufactured constitute (87.6%) of the total imports, and
is now extractive industries percent (32.2%) of the total industrial
production by the private sector contributes about (35.4%) of it.
And is now saving approximately (17.3%) of national income in 2000 /
/ recording a growth rate limits (28.7%) for the year / 1999 /, and
the investment rate is a nearly (18.2%) of national income in 2000 /
/ where distributed Gross capital formation by agriculture (13.3%),
industry and mining by (29.4%) and transport and communications by
(18.7%), housing and other sectors by (38.6%).
Are currently working to improve economic performance through an
ambitious program of development and modernization and reform in all
economic fields which were produced tens of economic laws and
legislation in order to create the appropriate environment for
successful economic work.
The following are the most important laws and economic
measures adopted in Syria during the last two years:
1 - Act allow the establishment of private banks and joint
activities.
2 - Bank Secrecy Act, which is in conformity with the laws in most
countries of the world and no later than the established
international norms professional. Is also working to pass a law on
combating money laundering.
3 - To allow the creation of a market for trading securities.
4 - to amend the investment law No. (10) 1991 Legislative Decree (7)
of / 2000 / and the advantages and exemptions new investor interest
to the outside.
5 - the launch of the purchase of foreign exchange by the Commercial
Bank of Syria, the government's real price, and start the process of
selling according to the priorities and specific sectors.
6 - The conclusion of new agreements to establish free trade zones
with a number of Arab countries (Jordan, UAE, Qatar, Saudi Arabia,
Bahrain, Iraq) is seeking to liberalize trade and mutual exemption
of goods from customs duties, in addition to the full liberalization
with Lebanon and with the gradual liberalization (14) Arab countries
within the Greater Arab Free Trade Area.
7 - a coordinated tariff DEZINOMRAH tariff Brussels.
8 - The final preparations are under way for the issuance of the
Trade Act, which contains several paragraphs to promote the
establishment of shareholding companies and explaining the basis of
foreign participation, and the opening of branches of foreign
companies, and authorizing the holding companies.
9 - has been reduced import duties on raw materials used in
industrial production that are not manufactured locally to become
(1%) only.
10 - action must be taken to amend the provisions of Foreign Trade
to reduce the many conditions and restrictions governing the import
process, leading to the abolition of import through the negative
list of items prohibited import only.
11 - The examination of the draft reform of the tax system which
seeks to achieve justice and an abundance of tax collection, and to
reduce the segments of higher taxes on business, industry and
raising the minimum tax-free salaries and wages, working under the
philosophy of the transfer of tax sources of production and generate
income to consumption sites, and Will make a sales tax, will also
work to make a unified tax on income.
12 - was the drafting of laws and decrees necessary for the
development of the industrial sector, both public and private
sectors, according to the following points:
For the public sector:
A - adopt the principle of economic management and accountability
for results.
B - the separation of management from ownership.
C - granting financial and administrative independence of public
companies.
D - public sector companies subject to the provisions of the Trade
Act in terms of pricing policies, employment and wages.
E - the introduction of market mechanism with respect to
competition, quality and price.
And - the use of management companies domestic or foreign.
For the private sector:
A - the development of legislation governing the work.
B - Creation of industrial cities equipped with all services.
C - reduction of customs duties on production inputs.
D - secure financing industry.
E - easing approvals required to obtain licenses.
13 - are working on the development of resolution 186 of 1985, on
investment incentives in the tourism sector, where they are working
on a division of Syria for three tourist areas ranging from tax
exemptions 9 to 15 years, giving incentives and additional benefits
than is currently in resolution 1 / 6 / 186 /, in addition to the
delegation of the Minister of Tourism a number of functions of the
Supreme Council for Tourism, which provides time and money to the
investor.
14 - The law preserves the rights of the author, is an advanced step
on the road to pass a law protecting intellectual property,
commercial and industrial accordance with international standards.
15 - The draft of the export strategy is the most important content:
A - The exemption of Syrian origin exports of agricultural and
industrial products, as well as the temporary entry for
industrialization and re-export of agricultural production tax and
income tax profits.
B - developing systems of temporary entry.
C - Creation of administrative positions in the provinces and border
posts (single window) in order to facilitate the expeditious
completion of export operations.
D - the appointment of commercial attaches in the embassies of
Syria.
E - allowing exporters to retain b (100%) of export earnings for use
in the payment of the value of imports allowed.
And - create an institution for the development of exports.
16 - action must be taken to restructure the investment office at
giving more powers and ensure an independent budget, so that works
to promote and attract investment and holding seminars and the
issuance of economic studies and prepare an investment map of Qatar.
17 - The abolition of the Legislative Decree / 24 / of 1986 and
private penalties for violations of economic, financial dealers in
foreign currencies through the Legislative Decree / 6 / to 2000.
18 - The preparation of a program to combat unemployment believes /
440 / A jobs within five years and cost / 50 / l billion. O.
19 - The solution to the problems of overdue debts with all EU
countries (France, Italy, Germany).
20 - Creation of the development of a large administrative staff
workers in addition to study the effect of the Center for Leadership
Development.
21 - The issuance of a permit for the private weekly newspaper
specializing in economic issues.
22 - The resolution includes international hospitals receive wages
of foreigners in foreign currencies, the provisions of the
Investment Law and its amendments.
23 - A new law on social security commensurate with the new economic
larger work.
24 - Allowing the establishment of private universities and the
opening of branches of Arab and foreign universities.
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