Twenty years ago from now, the Indian sub-continent suffers from the
problems of development are difficult, as is the case in most other
developing countries, as it should have been working to prevent any
possible famine in the right of people approaching the one billion
population. At a time when other countries are working on the
depletion of natural resources depletion to the survivor to pay the
high costs required for the establishment of infrastructure
investment for heavy industrial projects, turned towards the Indian
elites enormous energies of its people and has managed to invest the
human element of enormous density, through rehabilitation and
training with Almtwafaqan Requirements of the times, thus beginning
a digital miracle of India, one of the surprises the most important
economic achievements of the twentieth century.
How it started miracle?
Indian option was not in fact pure coincidence, but an inevitable
result came out of the bottleneck that has eluded the Indian economy
for decades. After repeated failed attempts to curb the rapid growth
of population and the proliferation crises of caste discrepancy, the
Indians realized the need to expedite the development of
mass-building model, which is based on the understanding of privacy
and exploitation of Indian energies as Ideally, with the need to
reap the returns faster than any other developing country, which
Requires caution about falling into the errors States lost a lot of
money and time in the establishment of large structural investments,
such as networks of highways, ports and airports specifications
high, in the belief that any error in the design development plan
could lead to disastrous consequences at the level of the people of
enormous census. These circumstances have prompted planners to
reflect on the extraordinary solutions, focusing on human
development as an initial economic boom in the building, and began
exploiting the potential of overseas experts in the Nordic
countries, by inviting them to complete their scientific home, and
provide the appropriate environment for creativity, and all the
privileges Provided to them by destination countries.
Once the new prime halfway through the last century, until the
countdown has begun to work on the establishment of companies and
cities and integrated technological expertise in a number of local
Indian cities, and most notably Bangalore, Hyderabad, Kolkata and
Mumbai. Indian states are also competing with each other in a race
against the clock in the rehabilitation of their children in
accordance with the requirements of market information, did not take
too long until the fever has spread technological education among a
Fred poorer classes, helped by significant government support,
spread across educational institutions throughout the country
rapidly, It includes a mandate "Andhra Pradesh" Today alone, nearly
300 colleges and the Institute, the graduation of 65 thousand
professional programmer and computer techniques and communication,
the state government plans to absorb all these experiences in the
city qualified technological establishment started in 1998 to be
completed in 2008, That it has been able so far to attract companies
from 52 leading companies in the world of programming to reserve
their own wings, taking advantage of the cheap services provided by
Indian experts, and these companies have included: Microsoft, IBM,
Compaq, Oracle, Hewlett-Packard.
It is surprising that the Indian IT market production has reached
the extent of sufficiency, prompting the government to allow
thousands of graduates to meet the shortfall to the thirsty global
creative skills scarce.
-Indian IT industry features:
Subdivided IT industry in India and globally known figures are:
1 - Production of electronic chips (Alcheps) and Alhardoer equipment
and mobile phones, and require the industry as it is known large
capital allocations in addition to the huge factories and skilled
labor, and this investment in this area does not have a lot of
attention.
2 - production and software development (software), an area that has
excelled in the Indians stunned the world. The industry had started
out very simple, the so-called lease experience - like renting labor
- where Indian companies concluded contracts with international
companies such as airlines, insurance and banks in developed
countries, under which processes data entry on computers and
reasonable wages, compared to Higher than in the West. Note that
this task does not require companies contracting recruitment of a
number of young people who master the English language and speed of
dealing with the data in circulation. Has helped the success of this
experiment in India that the time difference away from the United
States - President consumers of these services - which marks the
twelve hour, which makes constant communication between the parties
to ensure the provision of services without interruption throughout
the day.
The success of this service to the adoption of leading American
companies to Indian experts almost entirely, but a large number of
law firms and doctors in small and medium-sized enterprises have
begun to phase in charge of employment, and the companies rely on
the staff of Bangalore and Hyderabad who receive customer
information across Internet, and are processed and sent the reports
requested in a record time and lower wages.
Having achieved success and Indian companies wanted fame, and the
Government was able to rehabilitate thousands of engineers and
qualified experts, the Indian IT industry has entered a new phase,
which began manufacturing and software development depending on
demand and in accordance with specifications provided by world
markets, with inflation this production dramatically in recent
years, India's exports of computer programs and services in 2002 to
7.7 billion dollars, and if the continued growth of this sector as
planned by bringing the figure to around 58 billion dollars in 2008,
as the rate of growth of the industry over the past ten years and
40% for each year . It is noteworthy that the North American market
share of the production of more than half the European market
occupies the second place, and South Asia, including Japan and South
Korea.
-Success factors for this experiment:
Success factors can be summarized in six points total in the
following:
1 - the contribution of Indian experts in exile: the software
industry based on the fact at the beginning that out of every six
experts in the world, an Indian, but 38% of experts and Silicon
Valley in California are in fact of Indian origin: The India has
also stated plan to attract these experiences working abroad to work
on the home, or at least be invited to part of the experience of the
trainees through local channels of communication available.
1 - the abundance of practical skills: the people of India have
achieved a quantum leap in this area, helped by the government to
establish 30 major academic institution to produce experts and
engineers, funded by the proceeds from the privatization of some
government projects the telecommunications sector, in addition to
the high population density and encouraging the psychological
motivation Younger generations to improve the standard of living and
literacy requirements of the times in which the faded border between
East and West.
The success of this people has reached the extent of sufficiency,
having served the government to attract overseas experts from
abroad, are issued today to about 200 thousand a year to the United
States, as well as other European countries, leading some observers
to warn of the risk of depletion Such employment, and to return to
be raised again!
2 - the relatively low level of wages: it is commensurate with the
intensity of labor supply and lower the standard of living in
general, when the Indian programmer, paid the equivalent of only $
280 each month, the counterparts in the West and that they must have
faced a crisis in the deficit from competition.
3 - no need to infrastructure or large amounts of capital: it is
self-evident, as the information industry investment idea, which
would only require the rehabilitation of distinguished minds and
provide the appropriate atmosphere for creativity.
4 - the efficiency of Indian companies in terms of cost and speed of
delivery and the diversity of programming in the areas of
production, development and engineering services and design.
5 - Use of satellite high-speed India, as India has an advanced
program in the field of space communications, which have been
invested efforts of Indian experts working in the space agencies of
America and Europe.
- Prospects benefit from the experience:
The aim of identifying the experiences of nations and peoples focus
primarily on the lessons to be learned from it and their possible
application on the ground, commensurate with private local to the
national economy.
Accordingly, we will study the following success factors for the
expected information industry in Syria from the Indian experience,
which can be summarized in the following points:
1 - the utilization of Syrian expatriates abroad, despite the lack
of sufficient data on the number of experts and engineers Syrian
expatriates, but it is recognized distributed hundreds of them in
the West and the Arab Gulf states, and they have practical
experience in addition to foreign certificates at a high level of
Specialization, as opposed to the limited number of professionals in
the inside view of the recent experience of the introduction of
university education information to the higher education system in
Syria. The restoration of these experts to provide all facilities
and privileges provided to them by foreign companies in overseas, or
through a kind of permanent cooperation between the Syrian companies
and overseas experts, is the establishment of a network of
scientists, technicians and innovators in the Syrian emigrants
(Nustea) core task for the exchange of experiences and knowledge of
the latest developments abroad And the convening of the First World
Scientific Conference on information and communication technology
(04 ICTTA), which was held in Damascus, an important step to advance
scientific research in Syria in this area, despite the limited role
of researchers from inside Syria about 10% of the securities
Presented at the conference, but progress has been remarkable
participation in subsequent conferences, which is reason for
optimism in the event of the correct application of scientific
standards for scientific research in this area.
2 - to start the establishment of a infrastructure for IT services
through the use of local expertise available now, and the ability to
establish leasing companies operating experience and data entry
services for companies and organizations to neighboring countries,
and will help to decrease the level of wages in Syria compared to
neighboring countries, as well as the geographical proximity of the
Gulf States and the European Union, and mediated between the
geographical North America and East Asia, thus giving great
importance to the level of the time difference.
3 - suit the industry well with the structure of the Syrian economy,
it needs to develop its ports and airports, and the establishment of
highways between provinces, little or no reform in infrastructure,
but is a service industry that are produced locally, issued at the
same time Satellite without any transfer of goods or movement of
persons, with the provision of foreign exchange.
4 - may not require the industry in the first large companies to be
set up offices or modern, but companies can list among themselves to
establish some sort of integration or cooperation in the case of
rental services contracts with outside firms.
-The actions required by this industry can be summarized in the
following points:
1 - start the development of the education system, according to
commensurate with the requirements of the digital age, starting from
the stage of basic education and access to university.
2 - Securing the necessary legal escort to ensure the functioning of
the plan properly and without obstacles, making it necessary to
enact special laws to regulate scientific creativity rather than
subject to the contract system currently in place (such as Decree
228) in view of the large difference between the nature of
production and trade contracts and other software Traditional jobs.
3 - improve communication with the Web and expanded, has made many
developing countries in this area strides, India is also working on
the delivery of a network of cables along the country, in order to
link the approximately seventy million people this service, is well
known that Software industry, circulation require high-speed
communication first class.
4 - to encourage individual initiatives and directing capital to
invest in information-intensive area, by giving the sector a
priority in all the privileges and facilities, and also include
attracting foreign investment and money migrating all possible
means.
5 - information campaigns aimed at intensive and sustained public
awareness of the importance of business and the success of this
sector at both the individual and national, with a clear and
detailed to the lucrative returns from development in this sector at
all segments of society.
6 - the allocation of adequate and important part of the development
allocations for the development of this vital sector as quickly as
required, on the basis of being the fastest in the collection of
revenue and capital turnover on the one hand, and less costly than
on the other. It is also more capable of regeneration and
compatibility with the requirements of the times and appropriate to
the circumstances of the national economy as noted above.
7 - speed up the establishment of electronic villages and
communities able to provide all the requirements of this industry,
including rapid communication service, administrative facilities,
comfortable working conditions, drain reserve of trained, and
effective linkages between all the companies working to ensure a
sufficient degree of consensus.
Finally, we must be remembered that the success of this plan depends
primarily openness popular, making it a focal point in the equation
of today's economy starting from the same individual, where it is
possible for any economy to advance on the shoulders of a limited
category of promising young people, those Who have vision and able
leadership will steer the development and innovation in their
communities. There is no doubt that our country is able to train the
elite and use them in building a future that can be predictable in a
world full of miracles, which has continued to register its name on
the chest of history.
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